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00:00:20,680 --> 00:00:27,370
WITH BARTOLOMEO, WE CAN OFFER 12
PAYLOAD SLOTS AVAILABLE FOR ANY

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00:00:27,370 --> 00:00:28,360
ORGANIZATION.

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BE IT A RESEARCH ORGANIZATION,
UNIVERSITY, OR A COMMERCIAL

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ENTITY.

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IT'S, IT'S SOMETHING THAT WILL
ENHANCE THE, UH, CAPABILITIES TO

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PERFORM EXTERNAL RESEARCH ON THE
SPACE STATION, GIVING GREATER

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00:00:43,065 --> 00:00:45,435
QUANTITIES OF PAYLOAD SLOTS.

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00:00:45,525 --> 00:00:49,695
OUR NASA COLLEAGUES FROM THE
ROBOTICS TEAM HAVE TOLD US THIS

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IS THE MOST COMPLEX, UH,
EXPERIMENT PLATFORM THEY'VE EVER

10
00:00:53,775 --> 00:00:58,725
SEEN THE HANDLING OF THE DATA
AND POWER IS DONE VIA THESE WHITE

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AVIONIC BOXES.

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ONE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR GETTING
THE POWER FROM THE COLUMBUS AND

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DISTRIBUTING IT TO THE
INDIVIDUAL PAYLOADS.

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THEY CAN BE CONTROLLED
INDIVIDUALLY SO THAT EACH PAYLOAD

15
00:01:11,115 --> 00:01:12,645
HAS ITS OWN POWER SUPPLY.

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SAME APPLIES FOR THE DATA
HANDLING SYSTEM, WHICH IS THE

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SECOND OF AVIONIC BOX WITH THE
AVIONIC SYSTEM, WE ACQUIRE THE

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HOUSEKEEPING AND A PAYLOAD DATA
FROM THE PAYLOAD SLOT AND SEND

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THEM VIA THE COLUMBUS TELEMETRIC
SYSTEM, THE ISS TELEMETRY TO THE

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GROUND.

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IT'S GOING TO BE ATTACHED
TO THE COLUMBUS MODULE.

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IT HAS SOME OF THE BEST VIEWING
CAPABILITIES ON THE STATION SO

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YOU'RE OUT FRONT
LEADING EDGE, RAM.

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IT'S IN THE SWEET SPOT.

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WE WANTED TO STUDY IF HEART
SPECIFIC STEM CELL CALLED CARDIAC

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PROGENITORS CAN GROW FASTER IN
SPACE, AND IF MORE OF THEM CAN

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TURN INTO A BEATING HEART MUSCLE
CELLS KNOWN AS A CARDIOMYOCYTES.

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SO THIS IS THE CARDIOMYOCYTES
THAT WE GENERATED FROM STEM CELLS

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IN OUR LAB.

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UH, THE STEM CELL CARDIOMYOCYTES
HAVE GREAT POTENTIAL TO TREAT

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HEART DISEASE FOR
BOTH KIDS AND ADULTS.

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STEM CELL THERAPIES, UH, FOR
REPAIRING OUR HEART, DAMAGED

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HEART, ACTUALLY REQUIRES A LARGE
NUMBER OF CARDIOMYOCYTES, AT

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LEAST ONE BILLION
FOR EACH PATIENT.

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SO WE NEED TO DEVELOP A MORE
EFFICIENT WAYS TO PRODUCE THESE

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CELLS THAN CURRENTLY POSSIBLE.

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WHEN WE COMBINE OUR 3D TISSUE
ENGINEERING WITH SIMULATED

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MICROGRAVITY WE SAW PROMISING
STEPS TOWARDS REACHING THAT GOAL.

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IN SENDING THE CELL TO SPACE, WE
WOULD LIKE TO, UH, CONFIRM OUR

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GROUND BASED OBSERVATION.

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SO INSIDE THIS BOX WE
HAVE YOUR WHOLE LAB.

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WE HAVE YOUR SUPPLY MEDIA.

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WE HAVE YOUR ALREADY USED MEDIA.

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WE HAVE PUMPS, WE CAN DO
INCUBATION, WE HAVE A MICROSCOPE,

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AND FINALLY WE HAVE A CHAMBER
THAT WE CAN GROW THE CELLS IN.

46
00:03:03,600 --> 00:03:07,890
SO ALL THIS INTEGRATED, YOU KNOW,
IN A, IN A HAND SIZED PACKAGE IS

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WHAT WOULD TAKE A WHOLE
BENCH TOP IN YOUR LAB.

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WE'RE TRYING A COUPLE OF
NEW THINGS ON THIS FLIGHT.

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WE'RE BRINGING THESE BACK ALIVE.

50
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WHILE WE'LL PRESERVE SOME OF THE
CELLS ON STATION IS REALLY THOSE

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LIVE CELLS AND RETURN TO REALLY
UNDERSTAND WHAT'S GOING ON AND TO

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REALLY UNDERSTAND WHAT'S GOING ON
WHEN THEY REACCLIMATE TO 1 G TO

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SAY, YOU KNOW, DID WE
MULTIPLY THE CELLS?

54
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BUT DID WE MULTIPLY
THEM THE RIGHT WAY?

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SO WHEN YOU ASK PEOPLE WHAT THEY
WANT IN A SHOWER, VIRTUALLY EVERY

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WILL SAY THEY WANT MORE PRESSURE.

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FROM A TECHNICAL PERSPECTIVE,
THE PRESSURE IS ZERO.

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00:03:32,775 --> 00:03:35,955
ONCE IT LEAVES THE PIPE, THERE IS
NO PRESSURE, BUT THEY'RE ACTUALLY

59
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FEELING IS THE MOMENTUM OF THE
DROPS HITTING THEIR BODIES.

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RIGHT.

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SO THE MASS, OR I'M SORRY, THE
MOMENTUM IS THE MASS TIMES THE

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VELOCITY.

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SO IF YOU CAN MAKE THEM BIGGER
AND MAKE THEM FASTER WHEN THEY

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HIT YOU, YOU'RE GOING
TO FEEL IT MORE.

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SO OUR TESTING WE'VE DONE AND
IMPROVE THAT WE CAN GET ABOUT, IT

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FEELS LIKE THREE
TIMES MORE WATER.

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AND THEN ALSO WHAT YOU'RE GETTING
IS BECAUSE IT ACTUALLY COVERS AN

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AREA AS OPPOSED TO JUST LIKE A
NEEDLE JET, WHICH IS JUST ONE

69
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LITTLE LINE OF WATER HITTING YOU.

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WE GET ABOUT A 90, 95% COVERAGE
OF WATER ACTUALLY HITTING YOU

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VERSUS A TYPICAL SHOWER HEAD
WHERE YOU MIGHT HAVE 44, 66

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NOZZLE JETS HITTING
YOU IS ABOUT 25%.

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SO YOU GET BIGGER AREA AND
THE DROPLETS ARE BIGGER.

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00:04:17,565 --> 00:04:20,985
SO AS WE GET A BETTER
UNDERSTANDING OF THAT, HOW THAT

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ON A MICROGRAVITY WORKS, WE'RE
HOPEFUL THAT WE CAN COME UP WITH

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JUST A TWEAK OR DO THIS
DIFFERENTLY, OR A DROPLET MIGHT

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BE CIRCULAR.

78
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NOW WE MAKE IT, YOU KNOW, OBLONG
OR WHATEVER ELSE THAT WILL HELP

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US CONTINUE TO DEAL WITH THE
LOWER FLOW RATE AND ALSO WITH THE

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CONSERVING WATER.

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WHAT WE SET OUT TO DO WAS TO WORK
WITH THE NATIONAL LAB TO DEVELOP

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A PLATFORM THAT WOULD ALLOW
SCIENTISTS, ALLOW US, BUT OTHER

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CHEMISTS, UH, TO, TO, UH, CARRY
OUT CHEMICAL REACTIONS SAFELY

84
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AND, UH, AND EFFICIENTLY
ON THE SPACE STATION.

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00:04:57,435 --> 00:05:00,855
IT TURNS OUT THAT THERE'S NOT A
WHOLE LOT KNOWN OR, UH, THERE'S

86
00:05:00,855 --> 00:05:05,179
NOT BEEN A LOT OF EXPLORATION OF
HOW CHEMICAL REACTIONS BEHAVE IN

87
00:05:05,179 --> 00:05:05,919
MICROGRAVITY.

88
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IF I WANTED TO TAKE THE SYSTEM
THAT I'VE BUILT IN MY LAB AND PUT

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IT ON THE SPACE STATION, THE
LIKELIHOOD OF IT BEHAVING THE

90
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SAME IS VERY LOW.

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00:05:13,369 --> 00:05:17,745
AND THE ENGINEERS AT SPACE TANGO
WHERE WE'RE ABLE TO ESSENTIALLY

92
00:05:17,745 --> 00:05:21,975
TAKE THE TECHNOLOGIES THAT WE'VE
DEVELOPED IN THE LAB AND PUT THEM

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00:05:21,975 --> 00:05:23,175
INTO A VERY SMALL BOX.

94
00:05:23,175 --> 00:05:25,785
AND THIS SYSTEM IS
FAIRLY COMPLEX INSIDE.

95
00:05:25,785 --> 00:05:28,845
IT HAS A NUMBER OF BAGS, A LOT
OF TUBING, A LOT OF PUMPS AND

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00:05:28,845 --> 00:05:29,415
MANIFOLDS.

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00:05:29,625 --> 00:05:32,565
WE CAN CONTROL THE SPEED OR
THE RATE OF THE REACTION.

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00:05:32,865 --> 00:05:36,485
WE CAN CONTROL TEMPERATURE, WE
CAN CONTROL TIME, WE CONTROL ALL

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THOSE SORT OF VARIABLES.

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AND WE CAN DO UP TO 18 DIFFERENT
REACTIONS WITH UP TO 36

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COMBINATIONS OF REAGENTS AND
START TO REALLY LOOK AT THE